Propagation
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Product
Air Interface Emulator
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Becker Nachrichtentechnik GmbH
With help of air interface emulators radio field propagations can be emulated reproduceable in laboratory environments. For different applications like cellular, wireless networks or broadcast several types of devices are available.
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Product
1204a/1204a-mc Digital Signal Distribution
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Precise Time and Frequency, Inc.
The ptf 1204A Digital Signal Distribution unit is a flexible platform used for distribution of various pulse formats (ex. 1 PPS, 1 PPM, 10 PPM, etc). The ptf 1204A will also distribute digital timing signals such as IRIG-B DCLS format. In order to cater for a wide range of input pulse frequencies, the ptf 1204A design utilizes a CPLD with jumper selectable alarm delays tocorrectly alarm on the various pulse frequencies. The unit reproduces precision pulse input signals with the minimum of propagation delays.
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Product
F9 Systems CalBlade
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The CalBlade backplane calibration fixture isdesigned to permit accurate and convenient impedance and transmission measurements of a HM-Zd backplane. The CalBlade is used to calibratethe logic card connector interface to the backplane rather than to the usual far-end of the coaxial measurement cables. Very accurate impedance, skew and propagation delay measurements are possible since parasitic fixturing effects are removed.
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Product
Understanding TEM, TE, and TM Waveguide Modes
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Energy can propagate through a medium or through what is currently believed to be a vacuum. Propagation modes vary depending upon the type of energy and the nature of the medium.Electromagnetic energy is transmitted in waves. Like sound, it may propagate equally in all directions, the wave energy radiating in concentric shells corresponding to amplitude. Or it may be directional, focused to form a tight beam.View more Understanding TEM, TE, and TM Waveguide Modes
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Product
Simulating Optical Design Components
Wave Optics Module
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The Wave Optics Module provides dedicated tools for electromagnetic wave propagation in linear and nonlinear optical media for accurate component simulation and optical design optimization. With this module you can model high-frequency electromagnetic wave simulations in either frequency- or time-domain in optical structures. It also adds to your modeling of optical media by supporting inhomogeneous and fully anisotropic materials, and optical media with gains or losses. It is straightforward to simulate optical sensors, metamaterials, optical fibers, bidirectional couplers, plasmonic devices, nonlinear optical processes in photonics, and laser beam propagation.
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Product
Microwave TV Transmitters for Radio Amateurs
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Is the transmission of broadcast quality video and audio over the wide range of frequencies of radio waves allocated for radio amateur (Ham) use.[1] ATV is used for non-commercial experimentation, pleasure and public service events. Ham TV stations were on the air in many cities before commercial television stations came on the air.[2] Various transmission standards are used, these include the broadcast transmission standards of NTSC in North America and Japan, and PAL or SECAM elsewhere, utilizing the full refresh rates of those standards. ATV includes the study of building of such transmitters and receivers, and the study of radio propagation of signals travelling between transmitting and receiving stations.[
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Product
Polarization Maintaining Circulator(PMCIR)
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Zhongke Rayzer Optical Technology Co.,Ltd
non-reciprocating, one-directional, three port deviceswhich are great for bi-directional propagation of light in a Polarization Maintaining fiber. These optical circulators are ideal for advanced communication systems, fiber sensor and fiber laser applications.
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Product
Ultrasonic Testing
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Xiamen IDEA Electronic Technology Co., Ltd.
Is a family of non-destructive testing techniques based on the propagation of ultrasonic waves in the object or material tested.
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Product
Dynamic and Fatigue Testing Systems
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Instron offers an extensive range of fully-integrated dynamic and fatigue testing systems from 1000 N up to 5000 kN. Incorporating servohydraulic, servo-electric and linear motor technologies, these test instruments cover a broad range of fatigue, dynamic, and static testing applications. These applications include high-cycle fatigue, low-cycle fatigue, thermo-mechanical fatigue, fracture mechanics, crack propagation and growth studies, fracture toughness, bi-axial, axial-torsional, multi-axial, high strain rate, quasi-static, creep, stress-relaxation, and other types of dynamic and static tests.
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Product
TDR Structural Health Monitoring
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Material Sensing & Instrumentation
MSI Time-Domain-Reflectometry (TDR) Structural-Health Monitoring probes the structural health of a composite part by propagating a fast electrical pulse along a distributed linear sensor which has been fabricated directly in the laminate. The sensor is formed from the native graphite fibers already used in composite manufacture, and constitutes zero defect. Fibers are patterned into a microwave waveguide geometry, or transmission line, and interrogated by a rapid pulse as shown below. Structural faults along the line cause distortions in waveguide geometry, producing reflected pulses similar to radar. Cracking, delamination, disbonds, moisture penetration, marcelling, and strain are all detected by propagation delay, for sensor lengths up to several meters.
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Product
UMTS / GSM Tester
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manufacture a range of items that can be used in UMTS and or GSM propagation testing. These products have been designed against customers requirements.
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Product
TEM Cells
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Transverse Electro Magnetic (TEM) cell or Crawford cell (named after its inventor) is used to generate accurate electromagnetic waves over a wide frequency range: DC (0 Hz) to GHz., EM waves generated in the cell propagate in transverse mode and have the same characteristics as a plane wave. It can be used to calibrate E-field broadband probes for testing radiated E-field immunity as well as for measuring radiated emission from a product with a spectrum analyzer/EMI receiver.TEM cell generates a consistent electromagnetic field for testing small RF devices such as wireless pagers, receivers, portable phones, etc.
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Product
Compact Tension Grips
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These compact tension grips are for plane-strain fracture toughness tests of metallic materials. Fracture toughness testing involves applying static loads to a notched sample to investigate brittle crack propagation and fracture conditions.
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Product
Deskew Calibration Source for CP030, CP030A, CP031, CP031A, AP015, CP150, CP500
DCS025
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The DCS025 Deskew Calibration Source generates time-aligned voltage and current pulses for precise deskew of voltage and current probes.This is critical for measurements in which small propagation delay differences between probes can have a large impact on a calculated measurement, e.g., instantaneous power semiconductor device loss measurements.
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Product
Channel Emulator/Fading Simulator
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The channel emulator/fading simulator is a measuring instrument for reproducing the actual radio wave propagation environment of mobile communication.It reproduces the fading environment defined by 3GPP and virtual environment of multiple channels such as MIMO, HetNet.It will contribute to improving development and verification efficiency of the latest mobile communication system such as 5G NR, LTE-Advanced and IoT.
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Product
Wideband Radio Communication Tester
CMW500
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The R&S®CMW500 wideband radio communication tester is the universal test platform for RF integration and protocol development. It is available as the R&S®CMW500 callbox and the R&S®CMW500 protocol tester. The R&S®CMW500 includes a fully integrated end-to-end data solution that permits comprehensive IP throughput and quality measurements. Thanks to the internal fading simulator, it is easy to perform tests under realistic propagation conditions.
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Product
RF Test
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RF is short for radio frequency. RF is any frequency within the electromagnetic spectrum associated with radio wave propagation. When an RF current is supplied to an antenna, an electromagnetic field is created that then is able to propagate through space. Many wireless technologies are based on RF field propagation. These frequencies make up part of the electromagnetic radiation spectrum.
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Product
Field Strength Meters
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The FSM series of field strength meters will measure the strength of a RF signal appearing at its input from +20 dBm to -110 dBm for wide bandwidth models and +10 dBm to -120 dBm for narrow bandwidth models. The RF strength will be displayed on an LCD display to an accuracy of ±3 dB over the entire 130 dB dynamic range. A matching field signal generator is also available to act as a signal source for propagation studies.
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Product
Laser Alignment
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Laser beams are tracing a perfect straight propagating line. A special unique instrument was developed to monitor the direction and position of this laser beam, creating a cornerstone device for alignment. Typical applicationns are mechanical straightness and alignment, calibration articulated arms, accurate positioning, and many more. To facilitate unrestricted movement of the AlignMeter family a built-in wireless system was developed.
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Product
M2 & BPP Systems
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The M2 factor wil define the beam propagation characteristics compared to ideal Gaussian beam propagation. According to ISO Standard 11146 rightfully offers the laser beam characterization as "M2 times diffraction limited beam", as such, a perfect beam will have an M2 of 1. 1 will be the best achievable value and no beam could have an M2 less than 1. Our conceptual design is based on sub-assemblies allowing to change the sensing head in the M2 device, offering multiple wavelengths heads up to 2.7 microns from deep UV (knife-edge technology) and camera based technology with built-in automatic filter wheel for adjustment. For focused beams, the same measuring head could be attached to a device for meauring highly divergent or highly convergent beams - FocusGage-BA, wherein the Laser Analyzing Electronic Autocollimator offers the capability of divergence measurement with Coming Soon M2 definition. M2Beam is the cornerstone of those measuring devices.
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Product
Optical VSF Sensors
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The optical Volume Scattering Function(VSF) is an ‘inherent optical property’ of water that is used by optical oceanographers to predict light propagation, image degradation, remote sensed ocean color, biological environment etc. in water.
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Product
*Beam Propagation Analysis
M²
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M², or Beam Propagation Ratio, is a value that indicates how close a laser is to being a single mode TEM00 beam, which in turn determines how small a beam waist can be focused. For the perfect Gaussian TEM00 condition the M² equals 1. M² cannot be determined from a single beam profile measurement. The ISO/DIS 11146 requires that M² be calculated from a series of measurements. M² is measured on real beams by focusing the beam with a fixed position lens of known focal length, and then measuring the characteristics of the artificially created beam waist and divergence. We have a number of solutions for the measurement of M² ranging from simple manual processes to fully automated dedicated instruments, depending on the frequency of the need to measure M² of lasers and laser systems.
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Product
Isolated Gate Drivers
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Analog Devices’ isolated gate driver portfolio offers designers performance and reliability advantages over designs utilizing optocouplers or pulse transformers. Utilizing ADI’s proven iCoupler® technology, the isolated gate driver family offers the advantage of a maximum propagation delay of 50 ns, less than 5 ns channel-to-channel matching, a 50-year lifetime for 400 V rms working voltage and galvanic isolation in a single package.
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Product
Mobile Cable Fault Location System
BAUR Syscompact 4000
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Fault location with Syscompact 4000. The Syscompact 4000 is a compact, fully enclosed fault location system for pre-location and pinpointing of high-resistive, low-resistive and intermittent faults on low- and medium-voltage cables. Easy operation and the use of latest fault location methods enable fast and safe fault location.* Location of low-resistive, high-resistive and intermittent cable faults* Efficient cable fault pre-location methods* Pinpointing according to the noise location method or acoustic propagation time measurement* (with Universal Locator and ground microphone)* Sheath fault location according to the step voltage method (with Universal Locator and two measurement probes)* Easy to handle
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Product
Ray tracing and Laser Simulation / Cavity Design Software
LasEasy V1.0
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LasEasy software is the professional software for simulating and designing solid-state laser cavity, optical amplifier system, and parametric OPO systems. It can also simulate the laser light propagation in both horizontal and vertical (sangital and tangitial) planes.
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Product
3D Sound Intensity Analysis Software
DS-0225A
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Finding out the position where the noise is occurring, and grasping the state of acoustic propagation are important ways to find effective noise countermeasure or improvement of acoustic environment.
