Propagation
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*Beam Propagation Analysis
M²
M², or Beam Propagation Ratio, is a value that indicates how close a laser is to being a single mode TEM00 beam, which in turn determines how small a beam waist can be focused. For the perfect Gaussian TEM00 condition the M² equals 1. M² cannot be determined from a single beam profile measurement. The ISO/DIS 11146 requires that M² be calculated from a series of measurements. M² is measured on real beams by focusing the beam with a fixed position lens of known focal length, and then measuring the characteristics of the artificially created beam waist and divergence. We have a number of solutions for the measurement of M² ranging from simple manual processes to fully automated dedicated instruments, depending on the frequency of the need to measure M² of lasers and laser systems.
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Camera Based Beam Propagation Analyzer: M2
BeamSquared
The BeamSquared® system is a compact and fully automated tool for measuring the propagation characteristics of CW and pulsed laser systems from the UV to NIR to Telecom wavelengths. Users can also measure wavelengths above 1.8 microns, including CO2 and terahertz in manual mode (a bench set-up; without the automated optical train) with a Pyrocam IV or IIIHR. Our longer optical train and patented Ultracal™ Calibration makes BeamSquared the most accurate product on the market and is ISO 11146 compliant. Its operational robustness and reliability ensures continuous use applications in industry, science, research and development.
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Propagation Software
Wireless InSite
Wireless InSite is a suite of ray-tracing models and high-fidelity EM solvers for the analysis of site-specific radio propagation and wireless communication systems. The software provides efficient and accurate predictions of EM propagation and communication channel characteristics in complex urban, indoor, rural and mixed path environments.
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High Speed Comparators (<100ns Propagation Delay)
Analog Devices high speed comparators feature <100 ns propagation delay and are a versatile and easy to use solution for a range of applications. Owing to our proprietary CB and XFCB fabrication processes, our comparators such as the AD790 possess a fast response time with outstanding input voltage resolution.
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Radar Level Gauge
HRRD730 Series
HighReach Measuring & Controlling System Co.,Ltd
At The Radar Level gauge Antenna emits and Narrows at The Microwave Pulse. This Pulse propagates in Space AT at The Speed of Light. The When IT Encounters at The Surface of at The the Measured Medium, Part of the ITS Energy IS the REFLECTED the Back and Received by at The Same, Antenna. At The Time interval The Between the transmitted pulse and the received pulse is proportional to the distance from the antenna to the surface of the measured medium.Because the electromagnetic wave propagation speed is extremely high, the time interval between the transmitted pulse and the received pulse is very small (on the order of nanoseconds). It is difficult to confirm. The 90X series 26G radar level gauge uses a special demodulation technology To accurately identify the transmitted pulse and the time interval of the pulse is received to further calculate the distance of the antenna from the surface of the measured medium.
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5G Radio Test Set
Operating from 20 to 40 GHz, two radios may be connected to the system allowing full duplex operation. Each radio may operates over identical Air Interface with uni or bi-directional multipath. The delays between radios may be varied from 0 to 1 mile in 5 foot steps with propagation loss control. The 2040+ creates a variable test range right in your lab. It can be used as a design aid and as a test tool for new modulation and encryption schemes prior to expensive and time consuming field testing.
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F9 Systems CalBlade
The CalBlade backplane calibration fixture isdesigned to permit accurate and convenient impedance and transmission measurements of a HM-Zd backplane. The CalBlade is used to calibratethe logic card connector interface to the backplane rather than to the usual far-end of the coaxial measurement cables. Very accurate impedance, skew and propagation delay measurements are possible since parasitic fixturing effects are removed.
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Compact Tension Grips
These compact tension grips are for plane-strain fracture toughness tests of metallic materials. Fracture toughness testing involves applying static loads to a notched sample to investigate brittle crack propagation and fracture conditions.
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Laser Alignment
Laser beams are tracing a perfect straight propagating line. A special unique instrument was developed to monitor the direction and position of this laser beam, creating a cornerstone device for alignment. Typical applicationns are mechanical straightness and alignment, calibration articulated arms, accurate positioning, and many more. To facilitate unrestricted movement of the AlignMeter family a built-in wireless system was developed.
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Half, Full Bridge & Three Phase Drivers
Renesas' half-bridge (h-bridge), full-bridge and three-phase drivers handle voltages up to 100V, with industry-leading gate rise and fall times and exceptional input-to-output propagation delay performance.
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Ground EMI Filters
High-frequency signals on ground is never good news - it interferes with normal operation of equipment and creates electrical overstress (EOS). However it is easy to block propagation of EMI on ground by installing highly-effective ground EMI filtes in ground lines. Our unique patent-pending ground EMI filters provide very low impedance for DC and mains' power while effectively blocking propagation of high-frequency currents throughout facility or equipment ground. Ground filters meet safety standards, as well as ANSI/ESD S6.1 and ANSI/ESD S20.20.
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Simulating Optical Design Components
Wave Optics Module
The Wave Optics Module provides dedicated tools for electromagnetic wave propagation in linear and nonlinear optical media for accurate component simulation and optical design optimization. With this module you can model high-frequency electromagnetic wave simulations in either frequency- or time-domain in optical structures. It also adds to your modeling of optical media by supporting inhomogeneous and fully anisotropic materials, and optical media with gains or losses. It is straightforward to simulate optical sensors, metamaterials, optical fibers, bidirectional couplers, plasmonic devices, nonlinear optical processes in photonics, and laser beam propagation.
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MOSFET Drivers
The bridge driver products handle voltages up to 100V, with industry-leading gate rise and fall times and exceptional input-to-output propagation delay performance. Select parts are available in 4mm x 4mm and 3mm x 3mm DFN packages which meet IPC-2221 creepage and clearance specifications for high-voltage systems.
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TEM Cells
Transverse Electro Magnetic (TEM) cell or Crawford cell (named after its inventor) is used to generate accurate electromagnetic waves over a wide frequency range: DC (0 Hz) to GHz., EM waves generated in the cell propagate in transverse mode and have the same characteristics as a plane wave. It can be used to calibrate E-field broadband probes for testing radiated E-field immunity as well as for measuring radiated emission from a product with a spectrum analyzer/EMI receiver.TEM cell generates a consistent electromagnetic field for testing small RF devices such as wireless pagers, receivers, portable phones, etc.
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Fatigue Test and Analyzer
Fatigue Testing and AnalysisFatigue is the progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading. Continued cycling of high-stress concentrations may eventually cause a crack which propagates and results in leakages.
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Understanding TEM, TE, and TM Waveguide Modes
Energy can propagate through a medium or through what is currently believed to be a vacuum. Propagation modes vary depending upon the type of energy and the nature of the medium.Electromagnetic energy is transmitted in waves. Like sound, it may propagate equally in all directions, the wave energy radiating in concentric shells corresponding to amplitude. Or it may be directional, focused to form a tight beam.View more Understanding TEM, TE, and TM Waveguide Modes
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Radar Target Repeater
Series 8000
The Eastern OptX Series 8000 Radar Target Repeater is a portable, variable delay and propagation loss system designed for radar testing and alignment. The repeater may be remotely programmed in the field for dynamic operation. When connected to a user specified antenna the repeater can provide delays of up to 500 usec with a fixed delay, multiple discrete delays, or a progressive variable delay with amplitude control The Series 8000 features ultra wide bandwidth, low loss, high isolation, low noise figure, and high dynamic range.
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Siradel 360
Siradel 360 offers a comprehensive suite of solutions, encompassing Siradel Web Services, Siradel InoWave, and Siradel Planner, along with expert consulting and geodata services. This unique value proposition ensures accurate simulations, efficient network design, and robust performance, making Siradel a one-stop shop for all radio propagation and network optimization needs.With over 30 years of expertise, Siradel empowers telecom operators, research labs, and manufacturers to tackle the challenges of B5G/6G technologies and drive technological innovation.
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Field Strength Meters
The FSM series of field strength meters will measure the strength of a RF signal appearing at its input from +20 dBm to -110 dBm for wide bandwidth models and +10 dBm to -120 dBm for narrow bandwidth models. The RF strength will be displayed on an LCD display to an accuracy of ±3 dB over the entire 130 dB dynamic range. A matching field signal generator is also available to act as a signal source for propagation studies.
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Mobile Cable Fault Location System
BAUR Syscompact 4000
BAUR Prüf- und Messtechnik GmbH
Fault location with Syscompact 4000. The Syscompact 4000 is a compact, fully enclosed fault location system for pre-location and pinpointing of high-resistive, low-resistive and intermittent faults on low- and medium-voltage cables. Easy operation and the use of latest fault location methods enable fast and safe fault location.* Location of low-resistive, high-resistive and intermittent cable faults* Efficient cable fault pre-location methods* Pinpointing according to the noise location method or acoustic propagation time measurement* (with Universal Locator and ground microphone)* Sheath fault location according to the step voltage method (with Universal Locator and two measurement probes)* Easy to handle
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3D Sound Intensity Analysis Software
DS-0225A
Finding out the position where the noise is occurring, and grasping the state of acoustic propagation are important ways to find effective noise countermeasure or improvement of acoustic environment.
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Cost-Effective ATE System
PRO RACK ATE
Qmax Test Technologies Pvt. Ltd.
Pro-Rack is a cost effective ATE System, which comes with Modular Structure provision option to improvise and enhance much instrumentation based on the user’s requirements. Basically it is designed to cater to the needs of PCB test and repair depots, keeping in mind the changing PCB technology and the challenges in testing them off-line. It can provide complete PCB test and diagnostic functions for any kind of PCB including the latest very high density complex PCBs with high pin count PQFP, FPGA VLSI chips. AC /DC parametric tests enables testing of the DC parametric of device pins on the edge connector for input bias current, Fan out capacity ,Tri-state leakage currents, AC parametric measurements such as Input / Output Propagation delay Rise time / Fall time to further enhance fault coverage. Pro-Rack is designed with VPC Mass Interconnect adapter with 16 bit fixture ID interface to the UUT through simple clips and probes or through card edge or through a bed of nail test fixture.
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Distance Measuring Equipment (DME)
MS 2002
Distance measuring equipment (DME) is a transponder-based radio navigation technology that measures distance by timing the propagation delay of UHF radio signals. The DME system is composed of a UHF transmitter/receiver (interrogator) in the aircraft and a UHF receiver/transmitter (transponder) on the ground. The aircraft interrogates the ground transponder with a series of pulse-pairs (interrogations) and the ground station replies with an identical sequence of reply pulse-pairs with a precise time delay (typically 50 microseconds). The time difference between interrogation and reply minus the 50 microsecond ground transponder delay is measured by the interrogator's timing circuitry and translated into a distance measurement in nautical miles which is then displayed in the cockpit.
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Real-time RF Channels Simulator
RF-LiveSim
Covering a frequency range from 50 to 900 MHz, RF Live Simulator can emulate RF channels propagation modes in real-time for a signal bandwidth from 20 kHz to 20 MHz (gaussian noise, multipath, Doppler and frequency drift tools). RF-LiveSim is a cost effective solution for intense automatic non regression tests at the physical layer level. RF-LiveSim includes 1x RF input and 1x RF output ports, and provides a complete set of channel models, either for fixed or mobile propagation environments. Whatever the standard, any type of receiver can be tested. Thanks to its real-time process, from your basic original signal, RF-LiveSim can perform, for instance, efficient regression testing of LTE solutions to check the good behavior and the limits of your receiver when multipathes, Doppler and Gaussian noise are applied.
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Polarization Maintaining Circulator(PMCIR)
Zhongke Rayzer Optical Technology Co.,Ltd
non-reciprocating, one-directional, three port deviceswhich are great for bi-directional propagation of light in a Polarization Maintaining fiber. These optical circulators are ideal for advanced communication systems, fiber sensor and fiber laser applications.
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Wideband Radio Communication Tester
CMW500
The R&S®CMW500 wideband radio communication tester is the universal test platform for RF integration and protocol development. It is available as the R&S®CMW500 callbox and the R&S®CMW500 protocol tester. The R&S®CMW500 includes a fully integrated end-to-end data solution that permits comprehensive IP throughput and quality measurements. Thanks to the internal fading simulator, it is easy to perform tests under realistic propagation conditions.
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Distance Sensor Technology
Photoelectric sensors
Our distance-measuring photoelectric sensors work according to the triangulation or propagation time measurement principle, with a red light or laser. The highly compact sensors have wide measuring ranges and measure very accurately with short response times.
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Manage Power, Thermal & Control Planes In Real Time
Platform Manager 2 & L-ASC10
*Full fault coverage – monitor all rails and temperature nodes*Manage from 10 to 80 supplies using just the required number of L-ASC10 hardware management expanders*Minimize fault propagation by enabling individual hardware management sub-blocks (power, thermal & control path) to respond to faults in other blocks within nano-seconds*Save CPLD I/O pins by eliminating the need to monitor power-good signals of DC-DC converters*Reliable power & thermal fault detection in hardware, as opposed to software routines
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1204a/1204a-mc Digital Signal Distribution
Precise Time and Frequency, Inc.
The ptf 1204A Digital Signal Distribution unit is a flexible platform used for distribution of various pulse formats (ex. 1 PPS, 1 PPM, 10 PPM, etc). The ptf 1204A will also distribute digital timing signals such as IRIG-B DCLS format. In order to cater for a wide range of input pulse frequencies, the ptf 1204A design utilizes a CPLD with jumper selectable alarm delays tocorrectly alarm on the various pulse frequencies. The unit reproduces precision pulse input signals with the minimum of propagation delays.
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Test Services
D-Coax offers RF/Microwave test services for your researchprojects, as well as, production quantities tests. We have available resources and expertise in the high frequency interconnects testing that will benefit your research and products. We will work with you to make your requested tests the most accurate and reliable and we'll complete them in a timely fashion. The following parameters can be characterized or tested to specifications with our test services: Time Domain: Impedance, Impedance profile, rise time, propagation delay, skew and more. Frequency Domain: S21 - Insertion loss, S11- Return loss, S12 - Reverse Insertion loss (port 2 insertion loss), S22 - Reverse Return loss (port 2 return loss) and more.
